The Marconi Foundation and saves
Finally some good news ...!!!!
The Marconi Foundation and saves
Nicola Cappellini
tomorrow Bologna 3/11/2007
Saved by an amendment of Senate Democrats, and Walter Vitali Federico Enriques, who have shaken off the brand's infamous "body useless." Guglielmo Marconi Foundation is no longer in the "black list" of the 2008 Budget - the dreaded Annex A - 16 of which are just over 100 institutions pilloried in early drafts of the maneuver. Grifone leaving scientific body of law as anything but futile. And its chairman, Mr. Gabriel Falciasecca, breathing a sigh of relief.
Satisfied?
"It's great news. Meanwhile, because it confirms that we are not a useless body, as I think even the most Bologna who knows us. And then, because it allows us to talk again that we are taking care of projects such as the celebrations for the centenary of the Nobel Marconi planned for December of 2009. "
What's in the pipeline? "It initiatives ranging from commemorative stamp, such as conferences and exhibitions, to the projects to combat the digital divide (the lack of information technology in poor countries, ed) and reconstruction in electronic archives Marconi. "
But the reason why the Foundation was over between local and useless you have understood?
"Frankly, no. We were incorporated in a chapter of the budget that covers the cost reduction policy. And I really can not figure out what we got to do. For a very long time, the Marconi Foundation does not receive a penny more or a euro or the State for the sole reason to exist. We get just a few contributions from some ministries. " Contributions
what kind?
'Ad example, participation in tenders for the museum initiatives and research projects of the Ministry of Culture and the University. But at the end of each year the contributions coming from the public a small fraction of the budget of the foundation, under 10% on an annual total of about 100,000 €.
For the rest as you funded?
"Part of our budget comes from the conventions we have signed with the University of Bologna and the Bordoni Foundation. We rented several rooms of their house Griffon, our property. Here we host a number of laboratories that allow us to coordinate research activities. "
And the museum?
"Alas, like all museums in person and there is nothing to be done. But since our house is also a modern cultural, we have several private sponsors. In practice, the museum activity is propped up by them. "
So, it costs nothing even to local authorities?
"Absolutely. Local authorities do not receive anything. "
you debts?
"No. We regularly draw. Moreover, it is rightly so, since they are a non-profit. "
So a lot of employees?
"I have two. Although revolve around the foundation at least another 5 or 6 people with contracts of various kinds. If, then, there are the graduate students of the University and the founding Bordoni you get to thirty people up. "
short, your presence in Annex A is a mystery?
"That's it. By the way it should be said that the Ministry of Culture, which oversees the foundation and appoint-ing the board of directors periodically and its president, and other ministry with which we deal, the current one, did not know anything. And when she came out of this thing, both have worked to try to remedy it.
If the foundation had remained on the list what would happen?
"It would have been a nightmare. The list is related to Article 82 of the Financial Regulator. That rule is that government agencies considered unnecessary should be merged, privatized, or otherwise rearranged deleted. In other words, or able to perform any such activities or they would have closed. And what is worse is that we should do it in 180 days, relationships with three different departments: Treasury, Implementation of the program and the Civil Service. If you imagine what we could combine in 6-month-sell deal with all these ministries? ".
Farewell to the foundation ... "It would have lost a laboratory in the past 30 years has proven to work well. As just one example, the mobile phone system more widely in the world, the GSM network, has been in Italy as a reference, since the 80s, our villa. But we have also employed digital television, wireless and digital divide. Would disappear as a real resource for our area, a research organization known internationally. " In addition
Vitali and Enriques, who has fought for the survival of your?
"I know you were in the region with weapons bets, waiting to see if the action of Vitali had been sufficient or not. It has also affected us the provincial councilor communications, Stefano Auvergne. "
Senators that they made the DS company called Walter Vitali Federico Enriques. It is they who introduced the amendment - approved yesterday by the Committee on Constitutional Affairs of the Senate - which clears the Guglielmo Marconi Foundation in Annex A of the 2008 Budget. The founding - Vitali said the senator - was over entirely improper in this list. It is, in fact, an institution with scientific, and as such can not really be described as useless. So we've asked for and received the amendment to Annex. " It's not all. Because the former mayor of Bologna is said to calm even in the future. To find the point and new paragraphs "should be the government - said the senator - to urge a new change, but obviously never will. Also because we have tabled the amendment passed with the support of the Minister for Communications, Paolo Gentiloni. Now we do not run any more risk. "
Monday, November 19, 2007
Thursday, November 8, 2007
Funny Messages On Weddign Invitation Cards
Another Day Without Any Sunspots-Carl Luetzelschwab K9LA
Another Day Without Any Sunspots
Carl Luetzelschwab K9LA
As of Saturday November 3, we have had 27 consecutive days without any sunspots. This latest run started
on October 8. Prior to this we had a run of 21 days with no sunspots (September 7 through September 27).
Is this unusual to have so many days without any sunspots at solar minimum? Not really. For example,
between Cycle 22 and Cycle 23 we had a run of 42 days with no sunspots (September 13, 1996 through
October 24, 1996). And does the length of consecutive days with no sunspots tell us anything about the
maximum of the next cycle? That.s easy to determine by looking at historical data.
Solar minimum
between Cycles
Greatest number of consecutive
days without any sunspots
Maximum smoothed sunspot
number of next cycle
17 and 18 36 (18Apr1944 23May1944) 152 (Cycle 18)
18 and 19 30 (31Jun1954 2Jul1954) 201 (Cycle 19)
19 and 20 15 (15Sep1964 29Sep1964) 111 (Cycle 20)
20 and 21 24 (8Jul1976 31Jul1976) 165 (Cycle 21)
21 and 22 21 (23Dec1985 12Jan1986) 158 (Cycle 22)
22 and 23 42 (13Sep1996 24Oct1996) 121 (Cycle 23)
A quick glance at the data suggests no correlation, as the biggest cycle (Cycle 19) had more consecutive
days without any sunspots than three smaller cycles (Cycles 20, 21, and 22). Doing a scatter plot of the
number of consecutive days versus the maximum smoothed sunspot number of the next cycle confirms this.
maximum smoothed sunspotnumber of next cycle
225
200
175
150
125
100
R2 = 0.0041
10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
consecutive days at solar minimum with no sunspots
The blue triangles are the six data points, and the red line is a best-fit linear trend line. The R2 value in the
upper right indicates the correlation. A value of 0 is no correlation, and a value of 1 is perfect correlation.
The R2 value of 0.0041 says there is no correlation.
If we haven.t had any sunspots for 27 days (and counting), why have we had such good propagation
recently on the higher bands (for example, on 15m during CQWW Phone)? There are three reasons for this.
First, sunspots (along with 10.7 cm solar flux) are proxies for the true ionizing radiation of the F2 region
(wavelengths of 10 to 100nm) so they don.t tell the true story (especially on a day-to-day basis). Second,
we.re moving into the fall and winter months, and a change in the composition of the upper atmosphere
results in higher daytime F2 region maximum usable frequencies. And third, the day-to-day variability of
the F2 region depends more on geomagnetic field activity and events in the lower atmosphere coupling up
to the ionosphere than on small changes in solar radiation. With 15m being borderline good-bad around
solar minimum, any geomagnetic field activity and/or traveling ionospheric disturbances could push the
maximum usable frequency up enough to give life to 15m on certain .good..days. This appears to be what
happened for CQWW Phone (more details on this will be in the January/February issue of The National
Contest Journal).
Another Day Without Any Sunspots
Carl Luetzelschwab K9LA
As of Saturday November 3, we have had 27 consecutive days without any sunspots. This latest run started
on October 8. Prior to this we had a run of 21 days with no sunspots (September 7 through September 27).
Is this unusual to have so many days without any sunspots at solar minimum? Not really. For example,
between Cycle 22 and Cycle 23 we had a run of 42 days with no sunspots (September 13, 1996 through
October 24, 1996). And does the length of consecutive days with no sunspots tell us anything about the
maximum of the next cycle? That.s easy to determine by looking at historical data.
Solar minimum
between Cycles
Greatest number of consecutive
days without any sunspots
Maximum smoothed sunspot
number of next cycle
17 and 18 36 (18Apr1944 23May1944) 152 (Cycle 18)
18 and 19 30 (31Jun1954 2Jul1954) 201 (Cycle 19)
19 and 20 15 (15Sep1964 29Sep1964) 111 (Cycle 20)
20 and 21 24 (8Jul1976 31Jul1976) 165 (Cycle 21)
21 and 22 21 (23Dec1985 12Jan1986) 158 (Cycle 22)
22 and 23 42 (13Sep1996 24Oct1996) 121 (Cycle 23)
A quick glance at the data suggests no correlation, as the biggest cycle (Cycle 19) had more consecutive
days without any sunspots than three smaller cycles (Cycles 20, 21, and 22). Doing a scatter plot of the
number of consecutive days versus the maximum smoothed sunspot number of the next cycle confirms this.
maximum smoothed sunspotnumber of next cycle
225
200
175
150
125
100
R2 = 0.0041
10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
consecutive days at solar minimum with no sunspots
The blue triangles are the six data points, and the red line is a best-fit linear trend line. The R2 value in the
upper right indicates the correlation. A value of 0 is no correlation, and a value of 1 is perfect correlation.
The R2 value of 0.0041 says there is no correlation.
If we haven.t had any sunspots for 27 days (and counting), why have we had such good propagation
recently on the higher bands (for example, on 15m during CQWW Phone)? There are three reasons for this.
First, sunspots (along with 10.7 cm solar flux) are proxies for the true ionizing radiation of the F2 region
(wavelengths of 10 to 100nm) so they don.t tell the true story (especially on a day-to-day basis). Second,
we.re moving into the fall and winter months, and a change in the composition of the upper atmosphere
results in higher daytime F2 region maximum usable frequencies. And third, the day-to-day variability of
the F2 region depends more on geomagnetic field activity and events in the lower atmosphere coupling up
to the ionosphere than on small changes in solar radiation. With 15m being borderline good-bad around
solar minimum, any geomagnetic field activity and/or traveling ionospheric disturbances could push the
maximum usable frequency up enough to give life to 15m on certain .good..days. This appears to be what
happened for CQWW Phone (more details on this will be in the January/February issue of The National
Contest Journal).
Subscribe to:
Comments (Atom)